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簡體中文 ????? ????? ???????
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????? ?? ????? ???????
??????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???:
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2. ??? ???? ????? ????????: ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????.
3.????????? ?????? ????? ???????: ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????.
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????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????
????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? - ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? - ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????. ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? 20% ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? 50%.
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??? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????. ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????. ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????.
??? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???. ??? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??????. ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????.
??? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????.
???? ????? (?????? ??????? ?????? ????????) V (??? ?? ???????)
??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? V. ?????? ?????? V ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????.
???? ??????
??????? ???????? ???? ?????? V ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? 100 ??? ?? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????. ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? V ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? 70 ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? 20 ??? 30 ????? ?? ???????.
???? ?????
??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? V ???. ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? V ???. ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? 70 ??? 80 ????? ?? ???????. ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ???? V ???? ?? 100 ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? (100 ??? 200 ??? ?? ???????). ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? V ???.
???? ????????
??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? V ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? V ???? ???????.
??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? V ???.
??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? S ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? S ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? V: S (???? ?????? ?? ???????) = V (???? ?????) * 1000 / (3.1416 * ??? ???? ????? ).
??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? S ??????? ???? ????? V (??? ?? ???????) ??????.
???? ??????? (??? ?????)
??? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? F? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? 0.06 ??? 0.12 ?? ??? ???? ?? ??????. ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????.
????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? 0.3 ?? ????. ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ????. ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???????.
???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????: ??/????? ?? ??/???? ??????. ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? / ??????. ??? ?? ??????? ??/?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???: ???? ??????? ?? ??????? = ???? ??????? ?? ?? ???? * ????? ?????? ?? ???????.
??? ?????
?? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? 0.5 (?? ??? ??? ?????). ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????. ??????? ??????? ??????? (???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? 400 ??) ???? ???? ??????? ?????? 45#? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? 5 ??.
?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? (??? ?? 100-200 ???? ?? ???????)? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????. ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????.
